中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
社评:在中国旅客入境问题上作秀,这是政治病毒******
最近,国际上对中国疫情防控政策的优化调整有一些议论,部分国家“担心中国境内出现新的变异株”,对来自中国的旅客采取了新的入境限制。世卫组织1月4日发布消息称,当前中国主要流行毒株同其他国家提交的中国感染旅客病毒基因序列一致,确认没有发现新变种或显著突变,这也与此前多国科学家的判断相一致。针对中国采取特别入境限制,不仅没有科学依据,也违背防疫初衷。
中国疫情防控进入新阶段,外界对此产生关切,这很正常。目前,有几个基础性的事实是比较清楚的:一是中国迄今并未发现新的变异株;二是中国一直与世卫组织保持着密切沟通,及时分享有关信息和数据;三是当前中国的疫情形势是可控的,也有信心确保调整转段平稳有序推进。如果说一些国家因为不了解情况而产生了防御性的“应激反应”,相信随着相关事实越来越清晰,这种反应自然会逐渐消退。
但还有一种情况,某些国家从一开始就在作秀,政治因素压倒了科学判断,它们对中国旅客采取的额外防控措施不是基于科学研判,而是基于刻意针对中国的偏见和政治盘算。现在渲染中国优化调整防控政策对外界造成风险的人,和之前狠批中国“动态清零”的,其实大多是同一群人,他们就是来找中国茬或者让中国出糗。他们扮演的角色是国际抗疫合作的搅局者,是一锅粥里的那几粒老鼠屎。世界疫情之所以迟迟没有受到遏制,这些搅局者“罪不可没”。
比如,华盛顿方面似乎很鼓励其他国家跟进限制中国旅客,它宣称这是“采取审慎的健康措施来保护公民”,然而为何在德尔塔等致病力更强的毒株在美国国内大流行时,世界没有看到华盛顿“保护公民”的“审慎措施”?就在当下,美国国内流行的XBB变异株正在快速传播并向世界蔓延,为何华盛顿对此没有防止“新变异株”的“审慎措施”?
需要指出的是,相关限制措施在包括美国在内的国家引起了许多批评,它们被认为既不科学,同时也没有效果。美国《国会山报》的一篇文章指出,数十万感染者已经在美国各地的社区自由流动,每天从中国增加几百名感染者几乎不会提升健康风险。国际航空运输协会也发表声明,批评一些国家对来自中国的旅客实施检测等防疫措施,是起不了作用的“条件反射反应”,指出各国政府必须基于科学事实而不是政治来做决定。
自新冠疫情发生以来,中国的贡献和担当有目共睹。一方面,在全球疫情最危急的时候,中国的生产支撑了整个世界,保证了全球产业链、供应链没有中断。另一方面,中国防控措施,最大限度地保障了人民的生命健康。现在,中国因时因势优化调整疫情防控政策,为中外人员安全健康有序往来创造了更好条件,也为全球经济发展带来了更多利好。在此背景下,在中国旅客入境问题上作秀,这种政治操弄既无视科学事实,也与全世界走出大流行阴影的期待相违背。
我们相信,违背科学事实的政治操弄终究不可持续。在“后疫情时代”,新冠病毒要防,“政治病毒”更要防。“政治病毒”造成真理扭曲,也破坏国际合作,既是新冠病毒的帮凶,也是团结抗疫的敌人。未来当我们回看这段历史的时候,那些一心只想利用疫情打击中国、政治甩锅的国家,是要负历史责任的。
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)